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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.1" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <issn publication-format="print">1683-3414</issn>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">1814-0807</issn>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Владикавказский математический журнал</journal-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
          <trans-title>Vladikavkaz Mathematical Journal</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </journal-title-group>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Южный математический институт - филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения науки Федерального научного центра «Владикавказский научный центр Российской академии наук» (ЮМИ ВНЦ РАН)</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Градиентная модель нестационарной термоупругости для составного стержня</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
        <trans-title>Gradient Model of Non-Stationary Thermoelasticity for a Composite Rod</trans-title>
      </trans-title-group>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46698/v0156-6205-6438-l</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">19874</article-id>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>28</volume>
      <issue>3</issue>
      <fpage>91</fpage>
      <lpage>107</lpage>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://vmj.ru/archive/detail.php?ELEMENT_ID=19874&amp;SECTION_ID=673">https://vmj.ru/archive/detail.php?ELEMENT_ID=19874&amp;SECTION_ID=673</self-uri>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name-alternatives>
            <name xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Нестеров</surname>
              <given-names>С. А.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Nesterov</surname>
              <given-names>S. A.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>1079@list.ru</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
        <aff xml:lang="ru">Южный математический институт -  филиал ВНЦ РАН, РОССИЯ, 362025, Владикавказ, ул. Ватутина,  53</aff>
        <aff xml:lang="en">Southern Mathematical  Institute VSC RAS, 53 Vatutina St., Vladikavkaz 362025, Russia</aff>
      </aff-alternatives>
      <abstract>Моделирование поведения стержневых микроразмерных конструкций имеет большое практическое значение  для проектирования термоэлектрических устройств. Ранее проведенные исследования не учитывали совместного влияния  теплового и механического масштабных параметров на распределение температуры и смещений составных тел. Это приводило к большим расхождениям  расчетов и экспериментальных данных. Мы исследуем задачу уточнения нестационарного термонапряженного состояния составного микростержня. Один торец стержня защемлен и находится при нулевой температуре, а на другом задан нестационарный тепловой поток.  Получена обобщенная (градиентная) модель термоупругости для составного микростержня в квазистатической постановке. В определяющие соотношения данной модели вводим тепловой масштабный параметр, а в  выражении для теплового потока учитываем градиенты температуры второго порядка. Постановка градиентной модели включает уравнения теплопроводности и  равновесия более высокого порядка по сравнению с классической теорией и расширенный список граничных условий. В рамках работы построены численно-аналитическое и асимптотическое решения задачи в случае слабой связанности.  Задача сведена к последовательному решению задач градиентной теплопроводности и градиентной теории упругости в трансформантах Лапласа. Обращение трансформант осуществлено на основе модифицированного метода Дурбина. Решение сингулярно возмущенной задачи теплопроводности построено с помощью асимптотического подхода. Выражения для температуры представлены в виде суммы классического решения и погранслойных функций. Обнаружены следующие эффекты,  не описанные  ранее: 1)  с увеличением масштабного параметра значения температуры возрастают на малых временах; 2)  происходит более плавное изменение температуры  в окрестности точки сопряжения. Точность асимптотических формул проверена путем сравнения с численно-аналитическим решением. Определены границы их применимости. Представленный подход позволит  более точно проводить расчеты на прочность составных микроразмерных тел, например, микробалки и микроцилиндра.</abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">Modeling the behavior of micro-sized rod structures is of great practical importance for the design of thermoelectric devices. Previous studies did not take into account the combined effect of thermal and mechanical scaling parameters on the distribution of temperature and displacements of composite bodies. This led to large discrepancies between calculations and experimental data. We study the problem of refining the non-stationary thermal stress state of a composite micro-rod. One end of the rod is clamped and is at zero temperature, and a non-stationary heat flux is specified at the other end. A generalized (gradient) model of thermoelasticity for a composite micro-rod in a quasi-static formulation is obtained. We introduce a thermal scaling parameter into the defining relations of this model, and take into account second-order temperature gradients in the expression for the heat flux. The formulation of the gradient model includes heat conduction and equilibrium equations of a higher order compared to the classical theory as well as an extended list of boundary conditions. In this work, numerical-analytical and asymptotic solutions are constructed for the problem in the case of weak coupling. The problem is reduced to a sequential solution of the problems of gradient heat conductivity and gradient theory of elasticity in Laplace transforms. The inversion of transforms is carried out on the basis of the modified Durbin method. The solution of the singularly perturbed problem of heat conductivity is constructed using the asymptotic approach. Expressions for the temperature are presented as the sum of the classical solution and boundary layer functions. The following effects, not described earlier, are discovered: 1) with an increase in the scale parameter, the temperature values at small times increase; 2) the temperature changes more smoothly in the vicinity of the conjugation point. The accuracy of the asymptotic formulas is verified by comparing with the numerical-analytical solution. The limits of applicability of the asymptotic formulas are determined. The presented approach will allow more accurate calculations of the strength of composite micro-sized bodies, such as a microbeam and a microcylinder.</trans-abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <kwd>микроразмерные структуры</kwd>
        <kwd>градиентная термоупругость</kwd>
        <kwd>нестационарная задача</kwd>
        <kwd>составной стержень</kwd>
        <kwd>масштабный эффект</kwd>
        <kwd>асимптотика</kwd>
        <kwd>метод Вишика - Люстерника</kwd>
        <kwd>моментные напряжения</kwd>
        <kwd>полные напряжения</kwd>
        <kwd>полный тепловой поток</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>micro-sized structures</kwd>
        <kwd>gradient thermoelasticity</kwd>
        <kwd>non-stationary problem</kwd>
        <kwd>composite rod</kwd>
        <kwd>scale effect</kwd>
        <kwd>asymptotics</kwd>
        <kwd>Vishik-Lyusternik method</kwd>
        <kwd>couple stresses</kwd>
        <kwd>total stresses</kwd>
        <kwd>total heat flux</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
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